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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

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Assembly, Tuning and Use of an Apertureless Near Field Infrared Microscope for Protein Imaging
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Published on: November 25, 2009

Hemi-ellipsoidal mirror infrared reflectometer: development and operation.

B E Wood, J G Pipes, A M Smith

    Applied Optics
    |February 19, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new hemi-ellipsoidal mirror reflectometer (HEMR) accurately measures infrared hemispherical-directional reflectance for various materials. This instrument is functional for diverse sample types across a 2-34 micrometer wavelength range.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of optical properties is crucial for material characterization.
    • Existing reflectometry methods may have limitations in spectral range or measurement geometry.
    • Hemispherical-directional reflectance provides comprehensive optical behavior data.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and test a novel hemi-ellipsoidal mirror reflectometer (HEMR).
    • To enable measurement of hemispherical-directional reflectance in the infrared spectrum (2-34 micrometers).
    • To validate the instrument's performance with various sample types.

    Main Methods:

    • Design and construction of a hemi-ellipsoidal mirror reflectometer (HEMR).
    • Operation over a wavelength interval of 2-34 micrometers.
    • Measurement of sample reflectance relative to a specular gold-coated reference surface.

    Main Results:

    • The HEMR system was successfully developed and tested.
    • Experimental results demonstrate the HEMR is functional with tolerable errors for suitable source and sample areas.
    • Hemispherical-directional reflectance data were obtained for black paints, gold diffuser, sulfur, and cesium iodide from 2-34 micrometers.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed HEMR is a viable instrument for measuring hemispherical-directional reflectance in the mid-to-far infrared.
    • The instrument provides reliable optical property data for diverse materials.
    • The presented data serve as a valuable resource for infrared optical studies.