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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
10:39

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

Echelle gratings: their testing and improvement.

G R Harrison, E G Loewen, R S Wiley

    Applied Optics
    |February 19, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    New large echelle gratings with high blaze angles achieve high resolution and speed. Very high blaze angles increase dispersion for compact spectrometers, with minimal resolution gain beyond 63 degrees.

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    Method for Recording Broadband High Resolution Emission Spectra of Laboratory Lightning Arcs
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    Published on: August 27, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Spectroscopy
    • Diffraction Gratings

    Background:

    • Large echelle gratings are crucial for high-resolution spectroscopy.
    • Gravitational distortion of grating blanks can introduce defects during ruling.
    • Optimizing blaze angles is key to maximizing grating performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To test new, very large echelle gratings with high blaze angles.
    • To investigate methods for reducing ruling defects in large gratings.
    • To compare the performance of echelles with varying blaze angles.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized interferometrically controlled ruling engines for grating production.
    • Employed calibrated edge-supporting springs to mitigate gravitational distortion.
    • Ruled gratings on fused silica blanks with specified dimensions and groove densities.
    • Compared echelles with blaze angles ranging from tangents of 2 to 8.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully produced large echelle gratings (up to 400 x 600 mm) with high blaze angles (e.g., 63.4 degrees).
    • Reduced gravitational distortion defects using edge-supporting springs.
    • Achieved resolutions exceeding 10^6 with a 63.4-degree blazed echelle.
    • Found minimal resolution gain beyond 63 degrees, with increased optical defects at steeper angles.

    Conclusions:

    • Large echelle gratings with high blaze angles offer high speed and resolution.
    • Very high blaze angles enhance intrinsic dispersion, enabling compact spectrometer designs.
    • Blaze angles around 63 degrees provide near-optimal resolution, balancing performance and optical integrity.