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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging
09:46

Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging

Published on: April 28, 2022

Hadamard transform imager and imaging spectrometer.

R D Swift, R B Wattson, J A Decker

    Applied Optics
    |February 19, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers developed novel imaging systems using binary optical encoding masks based on Hadamard matrices. These systems reconstruct spatial and spectral data, offering a multiplex advantage for advanced imaging applications.

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    Published on: December 30, 2025

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    Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

    Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging
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    Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging

    Published on: April 28, 2022

    A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
    06:48

    A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

    Published on: December 30, 2025

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Image Reconstruction
    • Spectrometry

    Background:

    • Traditional imaging techniques can be limited by data acquisition speed and resolution.
    • Multiplexing offers a potential advantage in acquiring spatial and spectral information simultaneously.
    • Hadamard matrix-based encoding provides a method for multiplexed data acquisition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design, build, and test an imager and a spectrometric imager utilizing binary optical encoding masks.
    • To demonstrate the reconstruction of spatial and spectral data using Hadamard transform principles.
    • To analyze the benefits and limitations of this multiplexing technique for imaging.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of binary optical encoding masks based on orthogonal, pseudorandom digital codes from Hadamard matrices.
    • Acquisition of spatial and/or spectral data as a Hadamard transform of the scene.
    • Utilization of computer algorithms for decoding the Hadamard transform and reconstructing images.

    Main Results:

    • Successful construction and laboratory testing of both an imager and a spectrometric imager.
    • Demonstration of reconstructed spatial and spatial/spectral images from encoded data.
    • Presentation of an analysis of the multiplex advantage and inherent limitations of the technique.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Hadamard matrix-based encoding masks enable effective multiplexing for imaging.
    • Computer algorithms successfully decode the Hadamard transform to reconstruct scene images.
    • The spectrometric imager shows potential for various applications, with relevant patent coverage noted.