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Measurements of Strain

Measurements of Strain

Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain gauge...

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Measuring the complete surface strain field on rubber structures using an optical method.

J L Turner, S M Vossberg, S J Olesky

|February 20, 2010

Summary

This study introduces a new method for measuring surface strain on rubber components. The technique accurately determines the full strain field, particularly useful for applications like pneumatic tires.

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

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Measurement of Compressive Stress-Strain Response at Small-Strains

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Published on: December 5, 2025

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Mechanical Engineering
Experimental Mechanics

Background:

Accurate surface strain measurement is crucial for understanding rubber component behavior.
Existing methods may lack the comprehensive field data required for complex structures.
High strain ranges (1-10%) are common in applications like pneumatic tires.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel method for determining the complete surface strain field on rubber structures.
To demonstrate the technique's applicability in high-strain environments.
To provide a reliable tool for analyzing stress and deformation in rubber materials.

Main Methods:

A photoelastic birefringent coating is applied to the rubber surface.
A grid pattern is photographically deposited onto the coating.
Photoelastic data and grid images are analyzed to compute the strain field.

Main Results:

The method successfully determines the complete surface strain field.
Experimental validation confirms the technique's efficacy.
The method is well-suited for strain measurements in the 1% to 10% range.

Conclusions:

The described technique offers a comprehensive approach to surface strain analysis on rubber.
This method provides valuable data for the design and analysis of rubber components, especially pneumatic tires.
The technique enhances the understanding of material behavior under significant deformation.