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[An evidence based Iberic-Latin American guideline for acute gastroenteritis management in infants and prescholars]

P Gutiérrez Castrellón1, I Polanco Allué, E Salazar Lindo

  • 1Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Centro de Análisis de la Evidencia COCHRANE-INPed, Red COCHRANE Mexicana, Ministerio de Salud, México.

Anales De Pediatria (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)
|February 23, 2010
PubMed

Insights

For acute gastroenteritis (AG) in young children, oral rehydration solutions are the primary treatment, offering fewer complications than IV fluids. A normal diet and specific supplements like zinc can aid recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Acute gastroenteritis (AG) presents significant morbidity and mortality in infants and preschoolers, particularly in developing nations.
  • Existing treatment guidelines require evidence-based updates to support clinical decision-making for pediatric AG.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an evidence-based document to guide therapeutic decisions for acute gastroenteritis in children under five years old.
  • To provide recommendations for the management of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children based on systematic literature review and expert consensus.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted in May 2008.
  • Evidence was graded using Oxford guidelines, and recommendations were refined by Latin American experts.

Main Results:

  • Oral rehydration solutions (ORS) are the cornerstone of AG treatment, demonstrating fewer complications compared to intravenous (IV) fluids.
  • A normal diet is not contraindicated during AG. Racecadotril, zinc, and smectite, along with probiotics like Lactobacillus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii, can be beneficial adjuncts.
  • No other medications are recommended for AG treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Oral rehydration solutions should be the primary treatment for acute gastroenteritis in children.
  • Adjunctive therapies including racecadotril, zinc, smectite, and specific probiotics are recommended alongside ORS for managing pediatric AG.

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