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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos
07:16

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Published on: August 18, 2022

DNA cytosine methylation in plant development.

Meishan Zhang1, Josphert N Kimatu, Kezhang Xu

  • 1Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.

Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao
|February 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Cytosine methylation is crucial for plant development, regulating gene activity and inheritance. Dynamic epigenetic changes, including methylation and demethylation, influence gene expression and can lead to heritable epialleles contributing to plant evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Cytosine methylation extensively modifies the nuclear genome in higher plants.
  • Methylation silences transposable elements and genes; its loss has functional consequences.
  • Recent Arabidopsis genome-wide profiling reveals methylation patterns and dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent, pattern, and dynamics of cytosine methylation in the plant genome.
  • To understand the relationship between cytosine methylation and gene activity.
  • To explore the role of DNA demethylation in gene expression and plant development.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide methylation profiling in Arabidopsis.
  • Analysis of loss-of-function mutants for DNA methyltransferases and demethylases.
  • Investigation of siRNA biogenesis and chromatin remodeling factors.

Main Results:

  • Cytosine methylation patterns are dynamic across plant development.
  • Promoter methylation inhibits transcription; gene-body methylation has minimal effect.
  • Active demethylation by DEMETER is essential for imprinting and seed viability.

Conclusions:

  • Cytosine methylation is indispensable for normal plant development.
  • Epigenetic inheritance and correction maintain methylation patterns, but novel epialleles can arise.
  • Heritable epialleles may contribute to plant adaptation and evolution.