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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...
Sampling Theorem01:15

Sampling Theorem

In signal processing, the analysis of continuous-time signals, denoted as x(t), often involves sampling techniques to convert these signals into discrete-time signals. This process is essential for digital representation and manipulation. A critical component in sampling is the train of impulses, characterized by the sampling interval and the sampling frequency. The relationship between these parameters and the original signal's properties dictates the success of the sampling process.
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and refractory oxide ion...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Interference and Superposition of Waves01:07

Interference and Superposition of Waves

When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect of the waves is the sum of the individual waves' effects. However, it does not imply that the individual waves affect the propagation of other waves.
Interference occurs in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, waves on a string, and surface water waves. Mechanical waves correspond to the physical displacement of particles. Hence,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon
07:22

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Published on: February 3, 2023

Parallelicity criteria for samples to be studied using Fabry-Perot interferences.

R Weil, D Neshmit

    Applied Optics
    |February 23, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study calculates the acceptable face parallelism for Fabry-Perot interference studies. It specifically addresses cadmium sulfide samples at a 10.3-micrometer wavelength, ensuring accurate optical measurements.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Materials Science
    • Solid State Physics

    Background:

    • Fabry-Perot interferometry is crucial for optical measurements.
    • Precise sample alignment is critical for interference studies.
    • Understanding parallelism tolerances minimizes experimental error.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To calculate the maximum tolerable parallelicity deviation between sample faces for Fabry-Perot interference analysis.
    • To establish guidelines for sample preparation in optical interference experiments.
    • To provide specific calculations for cadmium sulfide (CdS) at a 10.3-micrometer wavelength.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical calculations based on optical interference principles.
    • Derivation of formulas for parallelicity deviation.

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  • Application of calculations to a specific material (cadmium sulfide) and wavelength.

    • Main Results:

    • Quantification of tolerable parallelicity deviation for Fabry-Perot samples.
    • Specific results for cadmium sulfide at 10.3 micrometers.
    • Formulas provided for general application in similar studies.

    Conclusions:

    • Parallelicity deviation significantly impacts Fabry-Perot interference patterns.
    • Adherence to calculated tolerances is essential for reliable optical measurements.
    • The study provides a framework for determining sample requirements in optical spectroscopy.