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Early hyperglycemia is a risk factor for death and white matter reduction in preterm infants

Georgios Alexandrou1, Beatrice Skiöld, Jonna Karlén

  • 1Neonatal Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital/Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.

Pediatrics
|February 24, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Hyperglycemia in extremely preterm infants during the first day of life is linked to higher mortality and brain damage, specifically white matter reduction, by term-equivalent age.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Extremely preterm (EPT) infants face significant risks, including mortality and neurodevelopmental challenges.
  • Hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disturbance in EPT infants.
  • The association between early-life hyperglycemia and long-term outcomes in EPT infants requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between hyperglycemia in the first week of life and mortality in EPT infants.
  • To assess the association between early hyperglycemia and cerebral injury, evaluated by MRI, at term-equivalent age.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 143 EPT infants (gestational age <27 weeks) was studied.
  • Plasma glucose levels were monitored, with hyperglycemia defined as >8.3 mmol/L.
  • Brain MRI was performed at term-equivalent age to assess gray and white matter abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Hyperglycemia on the first day of life was an independent risk factor for death (aOR 3.7, P = .01).
  • Early hyperglycemia was also associated with white matter reduction on MRI at term-equivalent age (aOR 3.1, P = .04).

Conclusions:

  • Hyperglycemia in the first day of life is a significant risk factor for mortality in EPT infants.
  • Early hyperglycemia is linked to brain damage, evidenced by white matter reduction, in EPT infants.
Abstract

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