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Structural aspects of three hypnotizability scales: smallest space analysis.

V K Kumar¹, Frank Farley

¹West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19383, USA. vkumar@wcupa.edu

The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis

|February 26, 2010

Summary

Smallest space analysis revealed distinct facets within hypnotic susceptibility scales. The Creative Imagination Scale (CIS) and Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility (HGSHS:A) items formed separate structures, suggesting different dimensions of suggestion processing.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Psychometrics

Background:

Understanding the structure of psychological scales is crucial for accurate measurement.
Hypnotic susceptibility scales, such as the CIS, HGSHS:A, and SHSS:C, are widely used but their underlying dimensional structure requires examination.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the structural properties of the Creative Imagination Scale (CIS), Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Form:A (HGSHS:A), and Stanford Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Form C (SHSS:C) using Smallest Space Analysis (SSA).
To identify the underlying facets and item groupings within these scales.

Main Methods:

Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) was applied to correlation matrices from published studies for the CIS, HGSHS:A, and SHSS:C.
SSA is a non-metric multidimensional scaling technique used to visualize the spatial relationships between items.

Main Results:

SSA of the CIS indicated one facet (focus of processing) with two subsets: somato-sensory and imagination sensory items.
Combined SSA of CIS and HGSHS:A items showed separate regionalization, suggesting a facet of 'nature of suggestions' with three subsets (HGSHS:A direct motor, HGSHS:A challenge-inhibition, CIS cognitive).
SSA of the SHSS:C revealed two facets, each with two elements: 'processing focus of suggestions' (cognitive-sensory, motor-sensory) and 'nature of suggestions' (direct, challenge-inhibition).

Conclusions:

The study identified distinct structural facets within the examined hypnotic susceptibility scales.
The findings suggest that different scales measure related but separable dimensions of hypnotic susceptibility, particularly concerning the focus and nature of suggestions.
A general mapping sentence is proposed with potential implications for understanding hypnotic phenomena.