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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
The Vestibular System01:29

The Vestibular System

The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Pyloric Obstruction01:11

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
10:50

Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas

Published on: July 20, 2014

[Cochleovestibular dysplasia: a case report].

A Darbi1, F Cenoui, A Atmane

  • 1Service d'imagerie, hôpital militaire d'instruction Mohammed V, Hay Ryad, Rabat, Maroc. darbiabdel@yahoo.fr

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|March 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Mondini malformation, a rare inner ear developmental issue, can cause hearing loss and recurrent meningitis in infants. High-resolution CT scans are crucial for diagnosing this cochlear dysplasia.

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Selective Tracing of Auditory Fibers in the Avian Embryonic Vestibulocochlear Nerve
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Selective Tracing of Auditory Fibers in the Avian Embryonic Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Published on: March 18, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
10:50

Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas

Published on: July 20, 2014

Selective Tracing of Auditory Fibers in the Avian Embryonic Vestibulocochlear Nerve
11:27

Selective Tracing of Auditory Fibers in the Avian Embryonic Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Published on: March 18, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Cochleovestibular dysplasia, or Mondini malformation, is an uncommon congenital anomaly resulting from incomplete development of the inner ear during embryonic stages.
  • This malformation can lead to significant neurosensory deficits and has been associated with recurrent meningitis.
  • Early identification is critical for managing associated health risks.

Observation:

  • A case report details an infant presenting with profound sensorineural hearing loss and a history of recurrent meningitis.
  • Clinical presentation suggested an underlying congenital abnormality affecting the inner ear structures.
  • Diagnostic imaging was essential to elucidate the cause of the infant's symptoms.

Findings:

  • Computed Tomography (CT) imaging definitively diagnosed Mondini malformation in the infant.
  • The CT findings revealed characteristic abnormalities of the cochlea and vestibule consistent with developmental arrest.
  • This confirmed the link between the anatomical malformation and the patient's clinical manifestations.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering cochleovestibular dysplasia in infants with unexplained hearing loss and recurrent meningitis.
  • High-resolution CT is emphasized as the gold standard imaging modality for accurate diagnosis of Mondini malformation.
  • Timely diagnosis facilitates appropriate management strategies and genetic counseling for affected families.