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Related Concept Videos

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:38

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Overview
Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Endocytosis01:16

Endocytosis

Eukaryotic cells acquire nutrients for growth and proliferation. Nutrients and other molecules that require degradation are internalized from the extracellular space by a process called endocytosis. The term ‘endocytosis' was first coined by Christian de Duve in 1963.
Endocytosis always begins with the plasma membrane enclosing an incoming molecule to form a transport vesicle which, in some cases, can be coated with a protein called ‘clathrin.' Endocytosed material is either sorted through...
Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria

Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a virus that...
Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells, including...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Production of Pseudotyped Particles to Study Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses in a Biosafety Level 2 Setting
08:40

Production of Pseudotyped Particles to Study Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses in a Biosafety Level 2 Setting

Published on: March 1, 2019

Virus entry by endocytosis.

Jason Mercer1, Mario Schelhaas, Ari Helenius

  • 1ETH Zurich, Institute of Biochemistry, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. jason.mercer@bc.biol.ethz.ch

Annual Review of Biochemistry
|March 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Animal viruses employ complex strategies involving host cell proteins to enter cells. Most viruses utilize endocytic pathways, such as clathrin-mediated endocytosis, for cellular entry.

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Measuring Attachment and Internalization of Influenza A Virus in A549 Cells by Flow Cytometry
07:25

Measuring Attachment and Internalization of Influenza A Virus in A549 Cells by Flow Cytometry

Published on: November 4, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Production of Pseudotyped Particles to Study Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses in a Biosafety Level 2 Setting
08:40

Production of Pseudotyped Particles to Study Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses in a Biosafety Level 2 Setting

Published on: March 1, 2019

Measuring Attachment and Internalization of Influenza A Virus in A549 Cells by Flow Cytometry
07:25

Measuring Attachment and Internalization of Influenza A Virus in A549 Cells by Flow Cytometry

Published on: November 4, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Viruses, despite simple structures, exhibit complex interactions with host cells.
  • Viral entry into host cells requires intricate cellular machinery and processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cell biology of animal virus entry.
  • To detail the diverse endocytic mechanisms utilized by viruses for host cell invasion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles on virus-host cell interactions.
  • Analysis of cellular processes and endocytic pathways involved in viral entry.

Main Results:

  • Animal viruses exploit hundreds of host cellular proteins for entry.
  • Common entry routes include direct penetration or endocytic uptake.
  • Endocytic mechanisms include clathrin-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and caveolar/lipid raft-mediated endocytosis.

Conclusions:

  • Viral entry is a complex process dependent on host cell machinery.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.