Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 15, 2026
05:31
Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas
Published on: January 26, 2024
Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study: preeclampsia
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|March 9, 2010
Summary
High fasting C-peptide and body mass index (BMI) significantly increase preeclampsia risk. Maternal glucose levels show weaker associations with preeclampsia, especially when adjusted for C-peptide and BMI.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Preeclampsia is a significant cause of maternal and fetal morbidity.
- Understanding risk factors like metabolic markers and obesity is crucial for prevention and early detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the independent associations of fasting C-peptide, body mass index (BMI), and maternal glucose levels with preeclampsia risk.
- To analyze these associations in a large, multicenter, multinational cohort.
Main Methods:
- Secondary analysis of a blinded observational cohort study involving 21,364 women.
- Oral glucose tolerance tests were administered between 24-32 weeks' gestation.
- Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations, adjusting for confounders.
Main Results:
- Preeclampsia occurred in 5.2% of participants.
- A one standard deviation increase in fasting C-peptide (OR 1.28) and BMI (OR 1.60) were independently associated with higher preeclampsia risk.
- Higher maternal glucose levels at fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour marks showed weaker associations with preeclampsia.
Conclusions:
- Fasting C-peptide and BMI are strong, independent predictors of preeclampsia.
- Maternal glucose levels, below the threshold for diabetes mellitus, have a less pronounced association with preeclampsia compared to C-peptide and BMI.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:29Hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
01:26Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
01:15Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
01:25Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...