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Related Concept Videos

Flame Photometry: Overview01:02

Flame Photometry: Overview

Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
Flame Photometry: Lab01:16

Flame Photometry: Lab

In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which are...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this process,...
Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation01:25

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.

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Flame Experiments at the Advanced Light Source: New Insights into Soot Formation Processes
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Published on: May 26, 2014

Coherent optical transient spectroscopy in flames.

J W Daily

    Applied Optics
    |March 9, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Coherent optical transient spectroscopy can measure dephasing and energy decay rates in flames. This technique is suitable for studying collisional processes in various flame conditions.

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    Published on: February 14, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Physical Chemistry
    • Spectroscopy
    • Chemical Physics

    Background:

    • Collisional processes significantly influence flame chemistry and kinetics.
    • Understanding these processes requires advanced diagnostic techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the feasibility of using coherent optical transient spectroscopy (COTS) for flame diagnostics.
    • To explore the measurement of collisional process characteristic times in flames.

    Main Methods:

    • Discussion of density matrix equations to model transient phenomena.
    • Calculation of characteristic times for dephasing and energy decay.
    • Examination of available excitation sources and transient measurement techniques.

    Main Results:

    • COTS can illustrate transient phenomena relevant to flame collisional processes.
    • Dephasing and energy decay rates for electronic and IR transitions in flame species can be determined.
    • Existing excitation sources and measurement techniques are adequate for these measurements.

    Conclusions:

    • Coherent optical transient spectroscopy is a viable method for studying collisional processes in flames.
    • The technique allows for the quantification of key kinetic parameters like dephasing and energy decay rates.