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Related Concept Videos

Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

Precipitation Gravimetry

Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic
06:46

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Published on: August 25, 2016

Inversion of optical data to obtain a micrometeorological temperature profile.

W H Mach, A B Fraser

    Applied Optics
    |March 10, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed a new method using optical data and nonlinear equations to determine ground-level temperature profiles. This technique accurately predicts surface temperatures, showing minimal differences compared to thermocouple measurements.

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    Published on: December 12, 2013

    Area of Science:

    • Earth Science
    • Optical Physics
    • Thermodynamics

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of near-surface temperature profiles is crucial for understanding atmospheric processes and climate.
    • Traditional methods like thermocouples can be limited by spatial coverage and installation complexities.
    • Remote sensing techniques offer potential for non-invasive temperature profiling.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a novel method for retrieving near-surface temperature profiles using optical data.
    • To assess the accuracy of the optical inversion technique by comparing its predictions with direct thermocouple measurements.
    • To quantify the precision of the optical temperature retrieval method.

    Main Methods:

    • Inversion of optical data (observer, target, and image positions) using nonlinear polynomial equations.
    • Development of a computational model to derive temperature profiles from optical measurements.
    • Experimental validation using thermocouple-measured temperatures for direct comparison.

    Main Results:

    • The optical data inversion successfully yielded temperature profiles near the Earth's surface.
    • Predicted temperatures showed a maximum difference of +/-0.02 degrees C compared to measured temperatures.
    • The method demonstrated high accuracy, even with a known maximum uncertainty of +/-0.04 degrees C in measured data.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed optical inversion technique provides a viable and accurate method for determining near-surface temperature profiles.
    • This approach offers a precise, non-contact alternative or complement to traditional temperature measurement methods.
    • The high degree of agreement between optical and thermocouple data validates the effectiveness of the nonlinear equation inversion.