Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...

Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology

Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology

Cytotoxic edema is a form of cerebral edema characterized by intracellular swelling of neurons, astrocytes, and other glial cells. It develops when the mechanisms responsible for maintaining ionic gradients across the cell membrane become impaired. Under normal physiological conditions, the sodium–potassium ATPase actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, preserving osmotic balance and enabling electrical signaling. This pump requires a continuous supply...

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...

Cerebral Edema l: Introduction

Cerebral Edema l: Introduction

Cerebral edema is a pathological increase in brain water content that disrupts intracranial pressure regulation and impairs neurological function. Because the cranial vault is rigid, even modest increases in tissue volume can compromise cerebral perfusion, distort neural structures, and initiate secondary injury. Cerebral edema develops through four principal mechanisms: vasogenic, cytotoxic, interstitial, and ionic.Vasogenic EdemaVasogenic edema arises from disruption of the blood–brain...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

3D-printed digital pneumatic logic for the control of soft robotic actuators.

Science robotics·2024

Same author

The impact of marker selection, in-line near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and feed mix time on the coefficient of variation (mix uniformity), body weight uniformity and broiler growth performance during the starter, grower, and finisher periods.

Poultry science·2023

Same author

Toward indicators of the performance of US Infrastructures under climate change risks.

Climatic change·2021

Same author

The spectrum of cutaneous adverse events during encorafenib and binimetinib treatment in B-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma-mutated advanced melanoma.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2018

Same author

Continued Validation of Ultrasound Guidance Targeting Tasks: Assessment of Internal Structure.

Academic radiology·2018

Same author

Early clinical experience with water-jet dissection (hydro-jet) during nerve-sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Minimally invasive therapy & allied technologies : MITAT : official journal of the Society for Minimally Invasive Therapy·2017

Same journal

Der Urologe. Ausg. A·2022

Same journal

Der Urologe. Ausg. A·2022

Same journal

Der Urologe. Ausg. A·2022

Same journal

Der Urologe. Ausg. A·2022

Same journal

Der Urologe. Ausg. A·2022

Same journal

Der Urologe. Ausg. A·2022

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

[Cerebral vasculitis associated with gemcitabine].

P Schmorl¹, A Heer-Sonderhoff, R Vosshenrich

¹Urologische Klinik, Diakoniekrankenhaus Friederikenstift gGmbH, Hannover. philipp.schmorl@friederikenstift.de

Der Urologe. Ausg. A

|March 10, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Gemcitabine chemotherapy for bladder cancer can cause serious neurological side effects. A patient developed cerebral vasculitis and cognitive deficits after receiving the drug, highlighting a rare but severe adverse reaction.

More Related Videos

Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma

Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma

Published on: October 27, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma

Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma

Published on: October 27, 2014

Area of Science:

Neurology
Oncology
Pharmacology

Background:

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard treatment for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
Cisplatin and gemcitabine are commonly used chemotherapeutic agents.

Observation:

A 50-year-old woman received neoadjuvant cisplatin and gemcitabine for bladder cancer.
Following the second cycle, she experienced a generalized tonic-clonic seizure and cognitive deficit.
Brain MRI revealed findings consistent with cerebral vasculitis.

Findings:

The temporal association suggests gemcitabine caused the cerebral vasculitis.
This is the first reported case of gemcitabine-induced cerebral vasculitis.

Implications:

Gemcitabine may be associated with rare but severe neurological adverse events.
Clinicians should be vigilant for neurological symptoms in patients receiving gemcitabine.
Further research is needed to understand the mechanism of gemcitabine-induced vasculitis.