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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions01:24

Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions

Acetylation, a phase II biotransformation reaction, introduces an acetyl group to drugs or their metabolites. Acetyltransferase enzymes facilitate this reaction, which resembles α-amino acid conjugation due to the addition of a functional group to the drug molecule.
The substrates for acetylation are typically drugs or their metabolites with an amino, sulfonamide, or hydrazine functional group. Acetylation can occur at several points in the drug molecule, including primary, secondary, and...
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is critical for...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue
09:43

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue

Published on: November 30, 2018

Protein acetylation in synaptic plasticity and memory.

Shiv K Sharma1

  • 1National Brain Research Centre, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Manesar, Haryana, India. sharmas@nbrc.ac.in

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|March 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protein acetylation, a key cellular process, is crucial for synaptic plasticity and memory formation. This review highlights the role of activity-dependent acetylation in these cognitive functions.

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue
09:43

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Posttranslational modifications regulate cellular processes.
  • Phosphorylation is vital for synaptic plasticity and memory.
  • Protein acetylation is an emerging key regulator in these functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of activity-dependent protein acetylation in synaptic plasticity.
  • To explore the mechanisms linking acetylation to memory.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on protein acetylation, synaptic plasticity, and memory.
  • Analysis of experimental evidence from various model systems.

Main Results:

  • Activity-dependent protein acetylation significantly impacts synaptic plasticity.
  • Acetylation, particularly of histones, plays a critical role in memory consolidation and retrieval.

Conclusions:

  • Protein acetylation is a fundamental mechanism underlying synaptic plasticity and memory.
  • Further research into acetylation pathways could reveal novel therapeutic targets for cognitive disorders.