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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management01:27

Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management

A comprehensive nursing assessment is essential for patients with valvular heart disease, which involves any dysfunction of the heart valves that could impact blood flow and overall heart function.Subjective Data Collection:Chief Complaint and Present Illness: Start with the patient's primary concerns, focusing on the onset, duration, and progression of cardiac symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain, and palpitations.Past Medical History: Collect detailed information on any previous...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
12:17

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Published on: May 21, 2017

Valve replacement for aortic stenosis normalizes subendocardial function in patients with normal ejection fraction.

Per Lindqvist1, Gani Bajraktari, Roberta Molle

  • 1Heart Centre, Umeå, Sweden. per.lindqvist@medicin.umu.se

European Journal of Echocardiography : the Journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology
|March 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Severe aortic stenosis (AS) impairs left ventricular (LV) subendocardial function, affecting motion amplitude, velocities, and strain. Valve replacement normalizes most parameters, but some abnormalities persist, indicating differential reverse remodeling.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • Long-standing aortic stenosis (AS) can lead to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
  • Valve replacement may improve LV function in patients with AS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess LV subendocardial abnormalities in severe AS.
  • To evaluate the response of these abnormalities to aortic valve replacement (AVR).

Main Methods:

  • Studied 41 patients with severe AS and normal LV ejection fraction before, 1 week after, and 6 months after AVR.
  • Utilized M-mode, tissue-Doppler, and speckle tracking echocardiography to assess LV subendocardial function.
  • Compared results with 20 age- and gender-matched controls.

Main Results:

  • Patients with AS showed reduced LV lateral long-axis amplitude, systolic velocities, and strain compared to controls.
  • Aortic valve replacement normalized lateral long-axis amplitude and velocities within a week.
  • Strain normalized by 6 months, but septal long-axis amplitude remained reduced, suggesting differential reverse remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • Severe AS causes global LV subendocardial dysfunction, characterized by reduced motion amplitude, velocities, and strain.
  • Aortic valve replacement leads to significant functional recovery.
  • Differential reverse remodeling occurs, with some subendocardial parameters showing persistent abnormalities despite normalization of others.