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Carbohydrate metabolism during intense exercise when hyperglycemic.

E F Coyle1, M T Hamilton, J G Alonso

  • 1Department of Kinesiology and Health, University of Texas, Austin 78712.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|February 1, 1991
PubMed
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Hyperglycemia did not affect muscle glycogen use in cyclists during intense exercise. However, elevated blood glucose increased carbohydrate oxidation rates over two hours.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Metabolic Studies

Background:

  • Muscle glycogen is a primary fuel source during prolonged exercise.
  • Understanding carbohydrate metabolism during exercise is crucial for performance optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of hyperglycemia on muscle glycogen utilization and carbohydrate metabolism in trained cyclists.
  • To determine if maintaining high blood glucose levels spares muscle glycogen during intense exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Eight well-trained cyclists performed two hours of cycling at 73% maximal oxygen consumption.
  • A control trial (CT) involved normal plasma glucose levels, while a hyperglycemic trial (HT) maintained plasma glucose at 10.8 mM via glucose infusion.
  • Muscle glycogen use and substrate oxidation rates were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Muscle glycogen utilization in the vastus lateralis was similar between CT and HT.
  • Carbohydrate oxidation declined in CT but increased in HT as exercise progressed.
  • After two hours, carbohydrate oxidation was 40% higher during HT compared to CT.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperglycemia (10 mM) does not alter muscle glycogen use during two hours of intense cycling in humans.
  • Sustained hyperglycemia enhances carbohydrate oxidation during prolonged, intense exercise.