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Etiological patterns of stroke in young patients at a tertiary care hospital

Shaikh Samiullah1, Mona Humaira, Ghani Hanif

  • 1Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Hyderabad Sindh.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|March 16, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Infective meningitis, including tuberculosis and bacterial meningitis, was the most frequent cause of stroke in young adults aged 15-35. Other significant factors included cardio-embolism and pregnancy-related complications.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Stroke in young adults (15-35 years) presents unique etiological challenges compared to older populations.
  • Understanding the specific causes of stroke in this demographic is crucial for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of various stroke causes in young patients aged 15-35 years.
  • To identify the leading etiological factors contributing to ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in this age group.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive case series study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital (LUH) from August 2006 to February 2008.
  • Fifty patients aged 15-35 years diagnosed with stroke were included, with data collected via comprehensive history, examination, and investigations.
  • Exclusion criteria included hypoglycemia, space-occupying lesions, transient ischemic attack, and psychosis. Data analysis utilized SPSS version 16.0.

Main Results:

  • Out of 113 acute strokes, 50 patients met the criteria (30 males, 20 females).
  • Ischemic strokes accounted for 86% of cases, while 14% were hemorrhagic.
  • Infective meningitis (Tuberculosis and Bacterial) was the leading cause (34%), followed by cardio-embolism (20%) and hypertension (14%).

Conclusions:

  • Infective meningitis is the primary cause of stroke in young individuals aged 15-35.
  • Hypertension is the predominant cause of hemorrhagic stroke in this population.
  • Cardio-embolism, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and puerperal sepsis are other significant contributors to stroke in young adults.
Abstract

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