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Related Concept Videos

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents

Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Release or Uptake01:21

Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Release or Uptake

Certain drugs can affect how neurotransmitters called catecholamines, are released or taken back up in the adrenergic neuron. They can have different effects on the body's sympathetic transmission. Reserpine, a natural compound found in the Rauwolfia shrub, blocks a transporter called vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT), which leads to a buildup of catecholamines in the cell and reduces sympathetic transmission. Another drug called guanethidine works in multiple ways, including blocking...
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic symptoms in all...
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...

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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Chemogenetic Regulation in Reprogrammed Stem Cell-derived Precursor Cells in Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Chemogenetic Regulation in Reprogrammed Stem Cell-derived Precursor Cells in Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: May 2, 2025

Haloperidol and clozapine decrease S100B release from glial cells.

J Steiner1, M L Schroeter, K Schiltz

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Magdeburg, Germany. johann.steiner@med.ovgu.de

Neuroscience
|March 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antipsychotic drugs like haloperidol and clozapine may normalize elevated S100B levels in schizophrenia. This study found these drugs reduced S100B release from glial cells, suggesting a therapeutic effect on glial pathology.

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Dual Extracellular Recordings in the Mouse Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
04:44

Dual Extracellular Recordings in the Mouse Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

Published on: February 16, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Elevated S100B protein levels are consistently observed in schizophrenia patients.
  • S100B is linked to glial pathology and potential disturbances in energy metabolism in schizophrenia.
  • The impact of antipsychotic medications on S100B levels remains debated, with some suggesting they may increase S100B.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of typical (haloperidol) and atypical (clozapine) antipsychotics on S100B release from glial cells.
  • To examine these effects under both basal and energy-deprived conditions, mimicking schizophrenia-related metabolic disturbances.
  • To clarify whether antipsychotics normalize or exacerbate elevated S100B levels in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized astrocytic (C6) and oligodendrocytic (OLN-93) cell lines.
  • Treated cells with haloperidol and clozapine at concentrations relevant to therapeutic doses.
  • Assessed S100B release under basal conditions and serum/glucose deprivation (SGD).

Main Results:

  • Both haloperidol and clozapine significantly reduced S100B release from C6 and OLN-93 cells.
  • This reduction was observed under both basal conditions and serum/glucose deprivation.
  • The findings indicate a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of these antipsychotics on S100B release.

Conclusions:

  • Antipsychotic treatment, including haloperidol and clozapine, appears to normalize, not increase, S100B release from glial cells.
  • These findings suggest a potential mechanism by which antipsychotics may mitigate glial pathology in schizophrenia.
  • The study provides in vitro evidence supporting the beneficial role of antipsychotics in managing S100B dysregulation in schizophrenia.