Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000
07:46

Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000

Published on: October 15, 2010

[Inflammation markers and endothelial disfunction in children with type 1 diabetes]

María S Velarde1, Teresita Del R Carrizo, María M Prado

  • 1Cátedra de Práctica Hospitalaria, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán.

Medicina
|March 16, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Early diabetes involves subclinical inflammation, increasing C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen. This study found elevated inflammatory markers and endothelial activation in type 1 diabetes patients, suggesting a pro-inflammatory state.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • Subclinical inflammation is an early indicator in diabetes, characterized by elevated cytokines.
  • These cytokines stimulate acute-phase protein synthesis (e.g., C-reactive protein) and endothelial dysfunction.
  • Endothelial dysfunction involves increased expression of adhesion molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pro-inflammatory and endothelial activation states in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (DT1).
  • To assess the relationship between inflammatory markers, endothelial activation markers, and diabetes duration.
  • To evaluate specific laboratory parameters associated with early diabetes complications.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 30 patients with DT1 (15 boys, 15 girls) without vascular complications.
  • Assessed laboratory parameters: leukocyte count, ESR, fasting glucose, HbA1c, high-sensitivity CRP (uPCR), soluble E-selectin (sE-S), VCAM-1, and microalbuminuria.
  • Compared results with a control group and analyzed correlations based on diabetes duration.

Main Results:

  • DT1 patients showed significantly increased levels of uPCR, sE-S, and VCAM-1 compared to controls.
  • Patients with diabetes duration > 3 years had higher uPCR levels.
  • uPCR levels correlated positively with sE-S (r=0.44, p=0.03) and VCAM-1 (r=0.49, p=0.02).

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest the presence of pro-inflammatory states and endothelial activation in DT1.
  • These states are strongly associated with type 1 diabetes, even in the absence of overt vascular complications.
  • Early inflammatory and endothelial markers may serve as indicators for disease progression and risk stratification.

Related Concept Videos

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.