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Related Concept Videos

Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
Energy Stored In A Coaxial Cable01:31

Energy Stored In A Coaxial Cable

A coaxial cable consists of a central copper conductor used for transmitting signals, followed by an insulator shield, a metallic braided mesh that prevents signal interference, and a plastic layer that encases the entire assembly.
In the simplest form, a coaxial cable can be represented by two long hollow concentric cylinders in which the current flows in opposite directions. The magnetic field inside and outside the coaxial cable is determined by using Ampère's law. The magnetic field inside...
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene π orbitals.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
14:18

Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

Published on: February 28, 2016

Polarization coupling in twisted elliptical optical fiber.

Y Fujii, K Sano

    Applied Optics
    |March 18, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Polarization in twisted elliptical fibers is analyzed. Fast twists (several rads/m) are necessary for effective twist coupling, aligning with experimental findings.

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Fiber Technology
    • Electromagnetism
    • Wave Propagation

    Background:

    • Elliptical cross-section fibers exhibit unique polarization characteristics.
    • Understanding polarization behavior is crucial for optical communication systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the polarization of light in twisted optical fibers with elliptical cross-sections.
    • To determine the conditions under which twist coupling is effective.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Marcuse mode-coupling theory for theoretical analysis.
    • Conducted experimental validation of the theoretical model.

    Main Results:

    • Mode-coupling theory predicts that twist coupling is ineffective at slow twist rates.

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    Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light
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    Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light

    Published on: July 29, 2013

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    Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
    14:18

    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

    Published on: February 28, 2016

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

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    Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light
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    Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light

    Published on: July 29, 2013

  • Effective twist coupling requires fast twists, on the order of several radians per meter.
  • Experimental results qualitatively supported the theoretical predictions.

    • Conclusions:

    • Fast twisting is essential for efficient polarization control in elliptical fibers.
    • The Marcuse mode-coupling theory provides a valid framework for analyzing such systems.