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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission

Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels. Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this process,...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:

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Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
08:22

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Published on: August 6, 2018

Molecular multiphoton ionization spectroscopy.

P M Johnson

    Applied Optics
    |March 18, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Multiphoton ionization (MPI) spectroscopy offers new insights into molecular excited states, complementing VUV spectroscopy. This technique reveals previously unseen molecular structures and provides high-resolution spectral data.

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    Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
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    Published on: August 6, 2018

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    Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
    09:57

    Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

    Published on: July 25, 2022

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Spectroscopy
    • Quantum Chemistry
    • Physical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) spectroscopy is a primary tool for studying molecular excited states.
    • Multiphoton ionization (MPI) spectroscopy is emerging as a complementary technique.
    • Understanding highly excited molecular states is crucial in various chemical and physical processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the Multiphoton Ionization (MPI) spectroscopy technique.
    • To demonstrate the applications of MPI spectroscopy in molecular studies.
    • To highlight the advantages of MPI over traditional VUV spectroscopy for specific molecular systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing multiphoton ionization (MPI) spectroscopy.
    • Analyzing Rydberg states of methylbenzenes.
    • Investigating the (1)B(2u) state of benzene.
    • Employing supersonic jet expansion for high-resolution spectroscopy.
    • Examining collisional effects in MPI spectra.

    Main Results:

    • MPI spectroscopy enables accurate state assignments for methylbenzenes and benzene.
    • New multiphoton spectral structures, inaccessible via one-photon methods, were observed.
    • Supersonic jet MPI of benzene yielded significantly improved spectral resolution.
    • Natural linewidth information for large molecules was successfully obtained.
    • Collisional effects, including laser-enhanced broadening in nitric oxide, were analyzed.

    Conclusions:

    • MPI spectroscopy is a powerful technique for characterizing highly excited molecular states.
    • MPI provides higher resolution and reveals spectral features not visible with VUV spectroscopy.
    • The technique holds promise for gaining detailed insights into molecular dynamics and interactions.