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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
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Published on: December 23, 2022

Characterization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolates from broilers in Selangor, Malaysia.

Y M Getachew1, L Hassan, Z Zakaria

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.

Tropical Biomedicine
|March 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) was found in Malaysian broiler chickens, with various species and resistance genes detected. This highlights VRE

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Application of the Intelligent High-Throughput Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing/Phage Screening System and Lar Index of Antimicrobial Resistance

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Food Safety
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is a significant nosocomial pathogen.
  • Antibiotic use in human therapy and food animal production is linked to VRE emergence.
  • Understanding VRE in food animals is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution of VRE species in live broiler chickens in Malaysia.
  • To identify vancomycin resistance genes and patterns in these isolates.
  • To assess the genetic diversity of VRE found in broiler chickens.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of 140 Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) isolates.
  • Detection of vancomycin resistance genes (vanA, vanC1, vanC2/3) using molecular methods.
  • Determination of vancomycin Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) using E-test.
  • Genotypic analysis of genetic diversity using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD).

Main Results:

  • Enterococcus faecalis (48%) and Enterococcus faecium (25.7%) were the predominant VRE species.
  • The vanA gene was detected in E. faecium, E. faecalis, and E. gallinarum isolates.
  • High-level vancomycin resistance (MIC > 256 μg/ml) was observed in 11.9% of tested isolates.
  • RAPD analysis revealed genetic diversity among the Enterococcus species.

Conclusions:

  • Live broiler chickens in Malaysia harbor diverse VRE species with significant vancomycin resistance.
  • The presence of vanA gene indicates a potential public health risk associated with poultry.
  • Genetic diversity suggests multiple origins or adaptation events of VRE in this food animal population.