Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
Biological samples, such as cells...

Voltammetric Techniques: Linear-Scan (E vs Time)

Voltammetric Techniques: Linear-Scan (E vs Time)

Polarography is a classical voltammetric technique used to analyze electrochemical reactions. This method applies a linear potential sweep to a dropping mercury electrode (DME), and the resulting current is measured. A dropping mercury electrode is commonly used as the working electrode in polarography. It consists of a capillary tube filled with mercury, where the tiny droplet forms at the tip. This droplet continuously drops from the capillary, creating a new electrode surface for each...

Voltammetric Techniques: Pulse Voltammetry

Voltammetric Techniques: Pulse Voltammetry

Differential-pulse voltammetry (DPV) is a type of voltammetry that involves applying a series of voltage pulses to an electrochemical cell while measuring the resulting current. In DPV, the differential pulse or small potential pulses are superimposed on a linear potential sweep. The magnitude of these pulses is typically small, often in the millivolt range. Each voltage pulse lasts a short duration, usually in the order of a few milliseconds, and is applied at regular intervals along the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Charge Selectivity of an Ionic Transistor.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2021

Same author

Anomalous diffusion in an electrolyte saturated paper matrix.

Electrophoresis·2020

Same author

The effect of the finite size of ions and Debye layer overspill on the screened Coulomb interactions between charged flat plates.

Electrophoresis·2019

Same author

A numerical study of the selectivity of an isolated cylindrical or conical nanopore to a charged macro-ion.

Biomicrofluidics·2019

Same author

Solid-state nanopore hydrodynamics and transport.

Biomicrofluidics·2019

Same author

Band Broadening Theories in Capillary Electrophoresis.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2018

Same journal

Mathematical Modeling Shows that Overall Infection Burden is Reduced More by Vaccines that Decrease Spread or Accelerate Recovery than those that Lower Severe Infections or Death.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

Same journal

Effects of Seasonal Births and Predation on Disease Spread.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

Same journal

Identifiability, Sensitivity, and Genetic Algorithms in Bacterial Biofilm Selection Models.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

Same journal

Slow Evolution Towards Generalism in a Model of Variable Dietary Range.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

Same journal

CBINN: Cancer Biology-Informed Neural Network for Unknown Parameter Estimation and Missing Physics Identification.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

Same journal

A Cost-Sensitive Behavioral Modeling Analysis of the Early Identification and Control of Infectious Diseases.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System

Published on: November 21, 2023

Nonlinear waves in capillary electrophoresis.

Sandip Ghosal¹, Zhen Chen

¹Dept. Mech. Eng., Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. s-ghosal@northwestern.edu

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology

|March 19, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

High ionic concentration in capillary electrophoresis (CE) can create nonlinear waves. This study models CE with a simplified system, revealing shock formation and providing analytical solutions for sample peak characteristics.

More Related Videos

Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Proteins and Their Isoforms by Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Method

Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Proteins and Their Isoforms by Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Method

Published on: September 19, 2018

Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

Published on: October 1, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System

Published on: November 21, 2023

Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Proteins and Their Isoforms by Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Method

Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Proteins and Their Isoforms by Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Method

Published on: September 19, 2018

Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

Published on: October 1, 2016

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is vital in biology, healthcare, and forensics.
High sample ionic concentrations in CE can lead to nonlinear wave phenomena, including concentration shocks.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the behavior of sample ions in capillary electrophoresis under conditions that promote nonlinear wave formation.
To develop a simplified model for understanding concentration shock dynamics in CE.

Main Methods:

Developed a simplified model of capillary electrophoresis with a single sample ion and background electrolyte.
Assumed equal ionic diffusivities for all species.
Derived a one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation with a concentration-dependent advection velocity.
Recovered Burgers' equation for low analyte concentrations, enabling exact solutions.

Main Results:

The model predicts the formation of leading or trailing edge shocks based on electrophoretic mobility.
Analytical formulas were derived for sample peak shape, width, and migration velocity.
Axial dispersion at long times can be characterized by a calculable effective diffusivity.
Results align with experimental and simulation observations.

Conclusions:

The simplified model accurately describes nonlinear phenomena in capillary electrophoresis.
The study provides a theoretical framework for understanding and predicting shock formation and peak dynamics in CE.
The findings offer insights into optimizing CE separations for high concentration samples.