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Proenkephalin A in bone-derived cells.

H Rosen1, R D Polakiewicz, S Benzakine

  • 1Department of Molecular Virology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Proenkephalin A (pEnkA) is expressed in bone cells and influences bone development. Osteoinductive factors and vitamin D decrease pEnkA expression, suggesting a role in bone formation and differentiation.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Enkephalins are neuropeptides with opiate-like activity.
  • The proenkephalin A (pEnkA) gene is transiently expressed in mesodermal lineages during organogenesis.
  • pEnkA expression is notably active in bone and cartilage during development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of pEnkA in bone development.
  • To examine pEnkA expression in osteoblast-derived cells.
  • To understand the regulation of pEnkA in bone cells.

Main Methods:

  • In situ hybridization to detect pEnkA mRNA.
  • Radioimmunoassay (RIA) to detect pEnkA-derived peptides.
  • Cell culture of normal calvaria and osteosarcoma cell lines (ROS 17/2.8, ROS 25/1).

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Main Results:

  • pEnkA mRNA is abundant in normal calvaria and osteosarcoma cells (ROS 17/2.8, ROS 25/1).
  • pEnkA-derived peptides are synthesized and secreted by these bone cells.
  • Osteogenin and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 decrease pEnkA expression while increasing alkaline phosphatase.
  • pEnkA-derived peptides inhibit alkaline phosphatase activity in ROS 17/2.8 cells.

Conclusions:

  • pEnkA plays a role in bone development.
  • pEnkA expression is regulated by osteoinductive factors and vitamin D.
  • Bone-derived cells provide a model system to study pEnkA expression and function.