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Related Concept Videos

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging
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Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging

Published on: April 28, 2022

Grazing-incidence high-resolution stigmatic spectrograph with two optical elements.

A M Malvezzi, L Garifo, G Tondello

    Applied Optics
    |March 25, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new spectrometer design uses toroidal optics for stigmatic XUV imaging. This design offers a wide spectral range and is suitable for solar XUV telescopes.

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    Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging
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    Multimodal Nonlinear Hyperspectral Chemical Imaging Using Line-Scanning Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation Microscopy

    Published on: December 1, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Astrophysics
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Spectrometers are crucial for analyzing light.
    • Achieving stigmatic imaging in the Extreme Ultraviolet (XUV) region presents significant challenges due to aberrations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and evaluate a novel spectrometer configuration for stigmatic XUV imaging.
    • To explore the potential of toroidal optical elements for aberration compensation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized two grazing incidence toroidal optical elements: a mirror and a grating.
    • Optimized the system by ensuring the intermediate sagittal image is nearly at infinity to compensate for aberrations.
    • Investigated spectral range coverage by varying the angle of incidence on the grating.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the capability to build a stigmatic spectrometer in the XUV region at a specific wavelength.
    • Achieved good aberration compensation through the proposed optical configuration.
    • Showcased that simple adjustments allow for stigmatic imaging over an extended spectral range.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed spectrometer design offers efficient stigmatic imaging in the XUV.
    • The system's adaptability and spectral range make it a promising candidate for future solar XUV telescopes equipped with bidimensional array detectors.