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Alcohol consumption and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis

Simona Costanzo1, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Maria Benedetta Donati

  • 1Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, RE ARTU Research Laboratories, John Paul II Centre for High Technology Research and Education in Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|March 27, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Light to moderate alcohol consumption (5-25 g/day) is linked to reduced cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with existing cardiovascular disease. This meta-analysis clarifies alcohol

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Moderate alcohol intake is linked to reduced cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in healthy individuals.
  • Limited meta-analyses exist on alcohol's effect on secondary cardiovascular events.
  • This study addresses the gap by analyzing alcohol consumption and mortality in patients with prior cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the association between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular mortality.
  • To assess the relationship between alcohol intake and total mortality in patients with a history of cardiovascular events.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed and EMBASE up to October 2009.
  • Meta-analysis of 8 prospective studies including 16,351 patients with cardiovascular disease.
  • Pooled analysis using weighted, least-squares regression of second-order fractional polynomial models.

Main Results:

  • A J-shaped curve for cardiovascular mortality indicated maximal protection (22%) at approximately 26 g/day of alcohol.
  • J-shaped curves for all-cause mortality showed maximal protection (18%) between 5-10 g/day.
  • Consistent protective effects were observed across subgroups and study types.

Conclusions:

  • Light to moderate alcohol consumption (5-25 g/day) is significantly associated with lower cardiovascular mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease.
  • Similar protective associations were found for all-cause mortality.
  • Findings suggest a potential benefit of light to moderate alcohol intake for secondary prevention in cardiovascular patients.
Abstract

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