Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Cellular Adaptation I: Introduction and Atrophy01:23

Cellular Adaptation I: Introduction and Atrophy

Cells can adapt to environmental changes to maintain function and avoid injury, a process called cellular adaptation. Adapted cells exist in a reversible intermediate state with changes in size, number, phenotype, metabolism, or function. These responses help cells meet altered physiological or pathological demands; for example, enlargement of breast and uterine tissues during pregnancy. Early adaptations may enhance function, but persistent stress eventually causes tissue damage.Types of...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dual activation of MC3R and MC4R drives weight loss and reduces food intake in male primates with obesity.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

AgRP neuron activity predicts and tracks the glycemic response to oral glucose.

Molecular metabolism·2026
Same author

AgRP Neuron Activity Predicts and Tracks the Glycemic Response to Oral Glucose.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The melanocortin receptors as targets for general obesity: contextualizing clinical failures and analyzing future perspectives.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same author

Endogenous targeting lipid nanoparticles for systemic mRNA delivery to lung cancer tumors.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2026
Same author

Impaired Adipose Anabolism in Pancreatic Cancer Cachexia Is Reversed by HuR Inhibition.

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle·2026
Same journal

Apelin receptor antagonist (ML221) facilitates memory reconsolidation in novel object recognition task.

Physiology & behavior·2026
Same journal

Are humans adapted to the world they have developed?

Physiology & behavior·2026
Same journal

50-kHz ultrasonic vocalization subtypes emitted by female rats anticipating same-sex social interaction.

Physiology & behavior·2026
Same journal

Sex-dependent behavioral and prefrontal BDNF mRNA responses to extinction training and short-term citalopram after fear conditioning in rats.

Physiology & behavior·2026
Same journal

Social instability alters the topography of adolescent and adult social behavior and amygdala function.

Physiology & behavior·2026
Same journal

Mitochondrial remodeling in obesity: mechanistic links to impaired energy metabolism and therapeutic perspectives.

Physiology & behavior·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

The Colon-26 Carcinoma Tumor-bearing Mouse as a Model for the Study of Cancer Cachexia
08:55

The Colon-26 Carcinoma Tumor-bearing Mouse as a Model for the Study of Cancer Cachexia

Published on: November 30, 2016

Hypothalamic mechanisms in cachexia.

Aaron J Grossberg1, Jarrad M Scarlett, Daniel L Marks

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.

Physiology & Behavior
|March 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cachexia, a severe malnutrition state, involves decreased appetite and increased metabolism, impacting quality of life and survival in chronic diseases. Understanding its mechanisms is crucial for patient outcomes.

More Related Videos

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
08:47

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

The Colon-26 Carcinoma Tumor-bearing Mouse as a Model for the Study of Cancer Cachexia
08:55

The Colon-26 Carcinoma Tumor-bearing Mouse as a Model for the Study of Cancer Cachexia

Published on: November 30, 2016

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
08:47

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Pathology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Balanced nutrition and metabolism are vital for health.
  • Chronic diseases often lead to nutrient balance disorders and malnutrition.
  • Cachexia, characterized by appetite loss and increased metabolism, affects numerous severe illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the features of cachexia in human diseases.
  • To explore the mechanisms linking inflammation to cachexia.
  • To discuss how inflammation alters brain function and causes illness behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cachexia in human diseases.
  • Analysis of proposed etiological hypotheses for cachexia.
  • Examination of the role of cytokines and neurotransmitters in cachexia.

Main Results:

  • Cachexia severity is a key determinant of quality of life and mortality.
  • Inflammation and malignancy-associated cytokines are implicated in cachexia.
  • Cytokines may affect central nervous system neurotransmitters, altering appetite and metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Cachexia significantly impacts patient prognosis in various diseases.
  • Inflammation-induced alterations in brain function are central to cachexia development.
  • Further research into cachexia mechanisms is warranted to improve patient care.