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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Candidiasis01:20

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...
Fungal Group Zygomycota01:29

Fungal Group Zygomycota

Zygomycota, previously classified as a distinct fungal group, are primarily terrestrial, saprophytic molds that play a crucial role as decomposers. Recent phylogenetic studies have revealed that these fungi are now divided into two major clades — Mucoromycota, which includes many symbiotic species, and Zoopagomycota, which primarily consists of parasitic and pathogenic fungi. These groups exhibit distinct ecological roles and reproductive strategies while sharing key structural and...
Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...
Fungal Phylum Ascomycota01:28

Fungal Phylum Ascomycota

Phylum Ascomycota, a major division within the subkingdom Dikarya, comprises a diverse range of fungal species, including both unicellular yeasts and filamentous molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. These fungi thrive in a variety of habitats, from aquatic ecosystems to terrestrial environments, playing crucial ecological and economic roles.Morphology and ReproductionThe defining characteristic of Ascomycetes, commonly referred to as sac fungi, is the ascus—a sac-like structure that...
Fungal Phylum Basidiomycota01:26

Fungal Phylum Basidiomycota

Basidiomycota is a diverse phylum of fungi that includes ecologically significant decomposers such as white rot fungi, symbionts like mycorrhizal fungi, plant pathogens such as rusts and smuts, and edible species like Agaricus bisporus (the common button mushroom). These fungi play crucial roles in nutrient cycling, symbiotic relationships, and even human health. Their defining feature is the basidium, a microscopic club-shaped structure responsible for producing basidiospores.Fruiting Bodies...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Sexual Crosses with the Mucoromycete Phycomyces blakesleeanus
05:34

Sexual Crosses with the Mucoromycete Phycomyces blakesleeanus

Published on: June 6, 2025

Onychomycosis.

Oliverio Welsh1, Lucio Vera-Cabrera, Esperanza Welsh

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez University Hospital, Avenida Francisco I. Madero y Avenida Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico. owelsh@yahoo.com

Clinics in Dermatology
|March 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Onychomycosis, a common nail fungal infection, is diagnosed via microscopy and culture. Treatment involves oral antifungals and topical therapies for effective nail health restoration.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Sexual Crosses with the Mucoromycete Phycomyces blakesleeanus
05:34

Sexual Crosses with the Mucoromycete Phycomyces blakesleeanus

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Onychomycosis is a prevalent nail condition caused by various fungi, including dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds.
  • Common culprits include Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum, and Candida species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current diagnostic methods for onychomycosis.
  • To discuss established and emerging therapeutic strategies for fungal nail infections.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis confirmed by direct microscopy, fungal culture, and histopathology using periodic acid-Schiff stain.
  • Evaluation of oral antifungal agents such as terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole.
  • Review of topical treatments including ciclopirox and amorolfine lacquers, alone or in combination with systemic therapy.

Main Results:

  • Established diagnostic techniques provide reliable identification of causative fungal agents.
  • Oral antifungals remain a cornerstone of treatment, with newer triazole drugs showing promise.
  • Topical therapies and adjunctive treatments like nail removal enhance therapeutic outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective onychomycosis management.
  • A combination of systemic and topical treatments, alongside nail care, offers the best approach for clearing fungal nail infections.