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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
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Published on: June 29, 2021

Neural correlates of sublexical processing in phonological working memory.

Carolyn McGettigan1, Jane E Warren, Frank Eisner

  • 1Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK. c.mcgettigan@ucl.ac.uk

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|March 31, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals the brain regions involved in phonological working memory (pWM) during speech processing. Findings highlight the planum temporale

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Published on: July 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Phonological working memory (pWM) is crucial for speech processing and language comprehension.
  • Understanding the neural underpinnings of pWM, particularly its sublexical processing, is essential.
  • Previous models suggest pWM involves both perception and production/rehearsal systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural correlates of sublexical structure in phonological working memory (pWM).
  • To examine how the number of syllables and consonant clusters in pseudowords affect neural responses during rehearsal and passive listening.
  • To identify specific brain regions involved in auditory and audiomotor processing within pWM.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity.
  • Experiment 1 involved delayed pseudoword repetition with covert rehearsal, manipulating syllable count and consonant clusters.
  • Experiment 2 assessed neural responses to passive listening of pseudowords with varying syllable counts.

Main Results:

  • A left-dominant network including temporal and motor cortex showed increased activity with longer pseudowords during rehearsal.
  • Motor cortex activity correlated with the addition of consonant clusters.
  • The number of syllables affected bilateral posterior-medial supratemporal plane regions during passive listening, while consonant clusters did not show significant effects.
  • Activity in the angular gyrus and hippocampus positively correlated with pseudoword repetition accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The planum temporale is identified as a key region for pWM, likely processing auditory or audiomotor 'templates' at the syllable level.
  • More lateral structures on the superior temporal gyrus (STG) may be involved in phonetic analysis of auditory input.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the neural basis of speech processing and working memory.