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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...

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Repair of a Critical-sized Calvarial Defect Model Using Adipose-derived Stromal Cells Harvested from Lipoaspirate
11:31

Repair of a Critical-sized Calvarial Defect Model Using Adipose-derived Stromal Cells Harvested from Lipoaspirate

Published on: October 31, 2012

Adipose stem cells for soft tissue regeneration.

C Brayfield1, K Marra, J P Rubin

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 3380 Boulevard of the Allies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Handchirurgie, Mikrochirurgie, Plastische Chirurgie : Organ Der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fur Handchirurgie : Organ Der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fur Mikrochirurgie Der Peripheren Nerven Und Gefasse : Organ Der V
|March 31, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) show great potential for regenerating adipose tissue, offering an alternative to traditional grafts for soft tissue repair. ASCs can improve graft survival and reduce donor site complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Autologous soft tissue grafts have limitations in reconstructive surgery, particularly after trauma and oncological resections.
  • Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) possess multipotent differentiation capabilities, notably towards adipocytes.
  • ASCs offer a promising alternative for soft tissue reconstruction with reduced donor-site morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the properties of human adult ASCs for adipose tissue regeneration.
  • To discuss ASC biology, delivery vehicles, and in vivo models for tissue engineering.
  • To summarize current clinical applications of ASCs in Europe and Asia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on ASC biology and applications in adipose tissue engineering.
  • Analysis of cell delivery vehicles and scaffolds for ASC-based therapies.
  • Examination of in vivo animal models for studying adipose tissue regeneration.
  • Compilation of data from ongoing clinical studies involving ASCs.

Main Results:

  • ASCs demonstrate significant potential for generating de novo adipose tissue.
  • Various biomaterial scaffolds and delivery systems are being investigated to optimize ASC engraftment and function.
  • In vivo studies highlight the feasibility of ASCs in preclinical models of adipose tissue repair.
  • Early clinical trials in Europe and Asia are exploring ASCs for soft tissue reconstruction.

Conclusions:

  • Human adult ASCs are a viable cell source for adipose tissue engineering and soft tissue reconstruction.
  • Optimizing delivery methods and understanding in vivo behavior are crucial for clinical translation.
  • Ongoing clinical studies are essential to validate the safety and efficacy of ASC-based therapies.