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Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death

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Published on: December 27, 2016

Akt2 modulates glucose availability and downstream apoptotic pathways during development.

Penny J Jensen¹, Laura B Gunter, Mary O Carayannopoulos

¹Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry

|April 2, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The antiapoptotic kinase Akt2 regulates embryonic brain development by controlling glucose transporter Glut1 expression. Impaired Akt2 function leads to increased apoptosis and decreased glucose uptake, highlighting Akt2

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Published on: December 7, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Developmental Biology

Background:

Glucose is essential for brain function and cellular viability.
The glucose transporter Glut1 is critical for embryonic brain development.
The role of Akt2 in glucose metabolism and its link to apoptosis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of the antiapoptotic kinase Akt2 in regulating glucose transport and cellular viability.
To identify mediators in the Glut1-sensitive process of embryonic brain development.
To explore the relationship between Akt2, Glut1 expression, and apoptosis.

Main Methods:

Utilized zebrafish as a model system to study impaired glucose transport and metabolism.
Abrogated akt2 expression using morpholino knockdown.
Inhibited the expression of the proapoptotic protein bad.
Overexpressed glut1 in akt2 morphants.
Performed quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to analyze glut1 transcript expression.

Main Results:

Abrogating akt2 expression phenocopied glut1 inhibition, causing increased neuronal apoptosis, impaired glucose uptake, and embryonic death.
Inhibiting bad expression rescued akt2-deficient embryos.
Overexpressing glut1 also rescued akt2 morphants.
Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR revealed decreased glut1 transcript expression in akt2 morphant embryos.

Conclusions:

Akt2 modulates glucose availability by regulating Glut1 expression at the transcript level.
Akt2 plays a crucial role in an integrative pathway linking glucose, Glut1 expression, and apoptosis.
Akt2 is essential for maintaining cellular viability, particularly in the central nervous system, and its function is dependent on glucose availability.