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Related Concept Videos

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form the...
Normal Strain under Axial Loading01:20

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

Normal strain under axial loading is an important concept in the field of mechanics of materials. Axial loading implies the application of a force along the axis of a material, like a column or bar. This force can either compress or stretch the material. In the context of axial loading, normal strain is the deformation experienced by the material in the direction of the loading force. It's calculated as the change in length divided by the original length of the material. This unitless ratio...
Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added together...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Clinical Efficacy of an Innovative Multidimensional Traction Therapy in Moderate Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
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Growing rods for spinal deformity: characterizing consensus and variation in current use.

Justin S Yang1, Mark J McElroy, Behrooz A Akbarnia

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics
|April 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Growing rods are used for early onset scoliosis, but surgeon practices vary. Actual treatment often involves larger curves and longer intervals than preferred, highlighting a need to study practice variations.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Spinal Surgery
  • Scoliosis Treatment

Background:

  • Growing rods are a common treatment for early onset scoliosis.
  • No prior studies characterized growing rod use across a large surgeon group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize surgeon preferences and actual practice patterns for growing rod use in early onset scoliosis.
  • To compare surgeon-stated preferences with clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • International surgeon surveys on growing rod preferences and case-based scenarios.
  • Analysis of 265 patients from the Growing Spine Study Group database (≥2 years treatment).

Main Results:

  • Surgeons prefer growing rods for curves >60 degrees in patients <10 years old.
  • Actual practice showed mean curve of 73 degrees at insertion and a 8.6-month lengthening interval.
  • Growing rod use and dual rod preference increased over time; insertion age and interval decreased.

Conclusions:

  • Significant practice variation exists in growing rod treatment for early onset scoliosis.
  • Consensus found on indications (curve size, age) and fusion methods.
  • Practice often deviates from stated preferences regarding curve size and lengthening intervals.