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Published on: July 3, 2015

Opioids affect focal contact-mediated cell-substrate adhesion.

Delphine J Debruyne, Marc M Mareel, Marc E Bracke

    European Journal of Cancer Prevention : the Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)
    |April 3, 2010
    PubMed
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    Opioids like morphine disrupt cell adhesion to various biological surfaces, affecting cell morphology and focal contacts. This interference highlights potential impacts on tissue interactions and cellular organization.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Pharmacology
    • Biomaterials Science

    Background:

    • Opioid effects on cell-substrate adhesion were previously noted on agar.
    • The impact of opioids on cell adhesion to biologically relevant substrates remains less understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate opioid interference with cell adhesion to interstitial matrix and basement membrane components.
    • To determine if morphine affects human embryonic kidney 293 cell adhesion to diverse substrates.

    Main Methods:

    • Human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing micro-opioid receptors were cultured on various substrates (plastic, collagen I/IV, fibronectin, laminin, amnion fragments).
    • Cells were treated with morphine, and focal contacts were visualized using antivinculin immunolabeling.
    • Cell coverage and morphotype changes were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Morphine treatment reduced cell coverage on plastic, collagen I/IV, and fibronectin, leading to altered cell morphology and piled-up nuclei.
    • Similar effects were observed on the stromal side of human amnion fragments, but not the basement membrane side.
    • Fewer focal contacts were noted in morphine-treated cells on collagen I, with no difference observed on laminin.

    Conclusions:

    • Opioids, specifically morphine, interfere with cell adhesion to key biological substrates like collagen and fibronectin.
    • The observed effects on cell adhesion and focal contacts suggest opioids can alter cellular interactions with the extracellular matrix.
    • Differential effects on various substrates, particularly laminin, indicate substrate-specific interactions modulated by opioids.