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Related Concept Videos

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Determination01:51

Determination

During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...

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Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
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Robustness of positional specification by the Hedgehog morphogen gradient.

David J Irons1, Alexandre Wojcinski, Bruno Glise

  • 1School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Developmental Biology
|April 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Mathematical modeling reveals that feedback loops in Hedgehog signaling, particularly involving glypicans, enhance robustness in Drosophila development. This ensures precise positional specification despite variations in Hedgehog levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hedgehog signaling is crucial for animal development, controlling cell fate and tissue growth.
  • Feedback mechanisms involving signaling proteins regulate Hedgehog transport and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze how overlapping feedback loops regulate patterning and enhance robustness in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc.
  • To investigate the role of glypicans in Hedgehog transport and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mathematical modeling to simulate Hedgehog signaling pathways.
  • Analyzed feedback interactions within the Drosophila wing imaginal disc system.

Main Results:

  • Predicted that glypican-mediated regulation of Hedgehog transport and stability enhances robustness.
  • Identified that overlapping feedbacks in the Hedgehog response network improve positional specification accuracy.
  • Observed potential trade-offs between robustness and signaling range/size regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Overlapping feedback loops and glypican regulation are key to robust Hedgehog patterning.
  • The system demonstrates a balance between robustness and other gradient features.
  • Findings provide insights into developmental mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.