Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
Published on: July 19, 2019
Calculation of the potential for interaction of particles with complex atomic structures
E Bagli1, V Guidi, V A Maisheev
1INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
We developed a new method and program (ECHARM) to calculate physical quantities for particles in complex atomic structures. This tool aids in understanding material properties and particle interactions within crystalline materials.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- Materials Science
- Computational Chemistry
Background:
- Accurate calculation of particle interactions within periodic atomic structures is crucial for materials science.
- Existing methods may lack efficiency or applicability to complex, non-uniform structures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a novel computational method for determining potentials and physical quantities experienced by particles in periodic atomic structures.
- To introduce the ECHARM program, a software implementation of this calculation method.
Main Methods:
- Utilized classical physics equations and Fourier series expansion of periodic functions.
- Developed the ECHARM program to compute one- and two-dimensional averaged physical quantities.
- Validated the method for orthorhombic, tetragonal, and cubic crystal symmetries.
Main Results:
- The ECHARM program successfully calculates relevant physical quantities for various crystal structures.
- Demonstrated the program's capability by analyzing complex structures like zeolites.
- The method is applicable to aligned periodic complex atomic structures with different symmetries.
Conclusions:
- The presented method and ECHARM program offer an efficient way to study particle behavior in periodic materials.
- This work provides a valuable tool for researchers investigating atomic structure-property relationships.
- The ECHARM program's flexibility supports diverse crystallographic systems and orientations.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Calculations of Electric Potential II
Consider a...
Force and Potential Energy in One Dimension
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Electronic Structure of Atoms
An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the nucleus. Taking into account the wave–particle duality of electrons and the uncertainty in position around the nucleus, quantum mechanics provides a more accurate model for the atomic structure. It describes atomic orbitals as the regions around the nucleus where electrons of discrete energy exist, characterized by four quantum numbers: n, l, ml, and...
Chemical Bonds
Atoms participate in a chemical bond formation to acquire a completed valence-shell electron configuration similar to that of the noble gas nearest to it in atomic number. Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds are some of the important types of chemical bonds. Bond energy and bond length determine the strength of a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds
An ionic bond is formed due to electrostatic attraction between cations and anions. Often, the ions are formed by the transfer of electrons from...

