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Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to occupy...
Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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Published on: December 4, 2017

Noise-driven dynamic phase transition in a one-dimensional Ising-like model.

Parongama Sen1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, India.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|April 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a stochastic one-dimensional model, revealing a dynamic phase transition at beta=0. Persistence probabilities confirm this transition, showing distinct scaling behaviors for different beta values.

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Area of Science:

  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Dynamical Systems

Background:

  • Introduces a stochastic one-dimensional model derived from a previous model (Biswas and Sen, 2009).
  • The model incorporates a parameter beta, where beta=0 represents the Ising model and beta approaches infinity for the original model.
  • All values of beta yield identical equilibrium behavior: a homogeneous state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the dynamical evolution and phase transitions in the stochastic one-dimensional model.
  • Determine if a dynamic phase transition occurs at beta=0.
  • Analyze persistence probabilities to support the existence of the dynamic phase transition.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced a parameter beta to stochasticize the one-dimensional model.
  • Analyzed the dynamical exponent (z) to classify the system's dynamical class.
  • Calculated persistence probabilities (Psat) as a function of beta and system size (L).

Main Results:

  • The dynamical exponent (z) suggests the system belongs to the dynamical class of model I for beta not equal to 0, indicating a dynamic phase transition at beta=0.
  • Persistence probabilities saturate at Psat(beta,L)=(beta/L)alphafbeta.
  • The scaling function f(beta) exhibits crossover behavior, constant for beta>1 and proportional to beta^(-alpha) for beta<1.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides evidence for a dynamic phase transition at beta=0 in the stochastic one-dimensional model.
  • The behavior of the dynamical exponent and persistence probabilities support the existence of this transition.
  • The model demonstrates crossover behavior in its scaling function, characteristic of the identified dynamic phase transition.