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Nonclassical correlations from randomly chosen local measurements.

Yeong-Cherng Liang1, Nicholas Harrigan, Stephen D Bartlett

  • 1School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. ycliang@physics.usyd.edu.au

Physical Review Letters
|April 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Quantum entanglement allows for nonclassical correlations that violate Bell inequalities, even with random measurements. This finding is robust for multiple parties and offers a new way to demonstrate quantum phenomena without a shared reference frame.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Foundations of Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Bell inequalities test local realism against quantum mechanics.
  • Entangled quantum states exhibit correlations beyond classical predictions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that nonclassical correlations violating Bell inequalities are a generic feature of entangled quantum states.
  • To explore the probability of Bell inequality violation with random measurements on entangled states.

Main Methods:

  • Performing local measurements on entangled states (maximally entangled and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states) with randomly chosen bases.
  • Analyzing the probability of violating a Bell inequality.

Main Results:

  • Significant probability of generating nonclassical correlations that violate a Bell inequality with spatially separated parties.
  • Probability of violation approaches unity for n-party Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states as n increases.
  • Bell inequality violation observed approximately 10% of the time for random two-qubit states and bases.

Conclusions:

  • Nonclassical correlations violating Bell inequalities are a generic property of entangled quantum states.
  • This work provides a feasible method for demonstrating Bell inequality violation without requiring a shared reference frame.