Large lymph node size harvested as prognostic factor in gastric cancer?

Knowledge regarding prognostic factors in gastric cancer is essential to decide on single patient management. We aim to establish the value of large lymph node size in order to improve perioperative approach.

Charts of one hundred and twenty-eight consecutive patients undergoing gastrectomy for resectable gastric cancer were reviewed between January 1996 and December 2005. Patients were split in two groups according to large lymph node size harvested, group I, lymph node size 10 mm. Overall five-year survival related to cancer were analyzed as a main endpoint. Prognostic factors as TNM classification and degree of differentiation have been considered.

There were no differences regarding age and gender (67.4 vs. 64; p = 0.34 and 66,1 vs. 68,1%; p = 0.27, respectively). Nevertheless, a significant difference has been found according to T1-T2 of TNM stage (78.1 vs. 39.1% p = < 0.001), for N grade staging, has statistical signification for grade N0 (62.7 vs. 30.5%; p < 0.001), and for Ia and Ib stages (57.6 vs. 17.4%). Five years overall survival has a great statistical signification (p log-rank = 0.0003), however, overall survival between groups with positive lymph nodes according to lymph node size was close to signification, (p log-rank = 0.0636).

Our data indicates that large lymph node size could be a powerful predictor for overall survival in gastric cancer, when it could be evaluated in preoperative period. In our opinion lymph node size should be considered for perioperative chemotherapy schemas. Detection and staging techniques for lymph node affection acquire much more importance.