Measurement of potential distribution function on object surface by using an electron microscope in the mirror operation mode
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis
Published on: May 10, 2021
1Institute of Physics, University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany. nepijko@uni-mainz.de
Abstract:
The quantitative theory of image contrast in an electron microscope in the mirror operation mode is given in this paper. This theory permits us to calculate the potential distribution on the object surface from the current density distribution on the microscope screen. The potential distribution results in image formation on the screen. Local electric fields existing on the object surface lead to a perturbation of electron trajectories above the object and to a redistribution of the current density on the screen, causing image contrast. Using the quantitative correlation between these fields and the function of current density distribution on the screen, it is possible to calculate the magnitude of these microfields as well. As illustration, a measured potential distribution on an object surface with spiral structures of adsorbates was analysed. These structures are formed during reaction of CO oxidation on Pt(110). The value of the measured contact potential difference comprised a few hundredths of volt.
Related Concept Videos
Overview of Electron Microscopy
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
Overview of Microscopy Techniques
Transmission Electron Microscopy
Atomic Force Microscopy
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy