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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Potato Virus X-Based microRNA Silencing (VbMS) In Potato.

Potato Virus X-Based microRNA Silencing (VbMS) In Potato.

Published on: May 11, 2020

Virus-based microRNA expression for gene functional analysis in plants.

Yang Tang¹, Fei Wang, Jinping Zhao

¹Protein Science Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China.

Plant Physiology

|April 15, 2010

Summary

A novel viral vector enables artificial microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene silencing in plants, offering a new tool for studying gene function and endogenous miRNA roles in plant development and defense.

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

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A Bioinformatics Pipeline to Accurately and Efficiently Analyze the MicroRNA Transcriptomes in Plants

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Published on: January 21, 2020

Area of Science:

Plant molecular biology
Functional genomics
RNA silencing mechanisms

Background:

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a key technique for plant functional genomics.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression via RNA silencing, but plant virus-based miRNA studies are lacking.
The functions of many identified plant miRNAs remain largely unknown, necessitating new research tools.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel viral vector for expressing artificial and endogenous miRNAs in plants.
To investigate the efficacy of this system for gene silencing and studying miRNA functions.
To explore the roles of endogenous miRNAs in plant development and defense responses.

Main Methods:

A modified cabbage leaf-curl geminivirus vector was engineered for miRNA expression.
Artificial miRNAs were used to silence endogenous genes (PDS, Su, CLA1, SGT1) in Nicotiana benthamiana via MIR VIGS.
Endogenous miR156 and miR165 were ectopically expressed using the viral system to observe developmental effects.

Main Results:

MIR VIGS effectively silenced target genes, including SGT1, which impacted N-mediated resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus.
Viral expression of endogenous miR156 and miR165 induced abnormal developmental phenotypes in N. benthamiana.
miR165 expression specifically led to the development of abnormal chlorotic spots on leaves.

Conclusions:

The cabbage leaf-curl geminivirus-based miRNA expression system is effective for gene silencing.
This system facilitates the investigation of endogenous miRNA functions in plant development and defense.
The developed technology provides a valuable tool for plant functional genomics and miRNA research.