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Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...

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A Guide to Production, Crystallization, and Structure Determination of Human IKK1/&#945;
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Functions of nuclear factor kappaB in bone.

Brendan F Boyce1, Zhenqiang Yao, Lianping Xing

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA. Brendan_Boyce@urmc.rochester.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|April 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in bone health and disease. This review explores NF-kappaB

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a transcription factor regulating cellular activities.
  • NF-kappaB activation is linked to inflammatory and neoplastic conditions, mediated by proinflammatory cytokines.
  • NF-kappaB influences cytokine expression, potentially creating self-amplifying inflammatory cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical roles of NF-kappaB in skeletal development and bone homeostasis.
  • To examine the involvement of NF-kappaB in common bone diseases.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of NF-kappaB inhibitors in bone pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on NF-kappaB in bone biology.
  • Analysis of NF-kappaB's function in osteoclast and osteoblast activity.

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  • Examination of NF-kappaB's role in skeletal development and diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and asthma.

    • Main Results:

    • NF-kappaB is essential for osteoclast formation and influences skeletal development.
    • NF-kappaB is implicated in the pathogenesis of various bone diseases.
    • While NF-kappaB inhibitors exist, none are approved for bone disease treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • NF-kappaB is a significant regulator of bone metabolism and a key player in bone diseases.
    • Targeting NF-kappaB pathways presents a potential therapeutic strategy for bone disorders.
    • Further research is needed to translate NF-kappaB inhibition into clinical applications for bone diseases.