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Isolation and characterization of Streptococcus suis capsular types 9-22
M Gottschalk1, R Higgins, M Jacques
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
Summary
This study details Streptococcus suis capsular types 9-22 in pigs, finding types 22 and 9 most common in diseased animals. New types, including 17, 18, 19, and 21, were prevalent in healthy pigs.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Bacteriology
- Animal Health
Background:
- Streptococcus suis is a significant bacterial pathogen in pigs, causing various diseases.
- Previous characterization focused on capsular types 1-8, leaving other types less understood.
- Accurate identification of Streptococcus suis is crucial for effective disease management in swine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of Streptococcus suis capsular types 9-22 in Canadian swine.
- To analyze the biochemical profiles of these Streptococcus suis isolates.
- To evaluate the efficacy of a rapid multitest system for Streptococcus suis identification.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and capsular typing of Streptococcus suis from diseased and healthy pigs.
- Biochemical characterization including arginine dihydrolase, mannitol, salicin, and trehalose fermentation.
- Comparison of identification results from a rapid multitest system versus conventional methods.
Main Results:
- Capsular types 22 and 9 were most prevalent in diseased pigs (19% and 13%).
- Newer types (17, 18, 19, 21) dominated isolates from healthy pigs (90%).
- A rapid multitest system showed only 54% accuracy in identifying Streptococcus suis.
Conclusions:
- Capsular types 9-22, particularly 17, 18, 19, and 21, are significant in Canadian swine populations.
- Biochemical profiles differ between capsular types, aiding in identification.
- Conventional biochemical identification is preferred over the tested rapid multitest system for Streptococcus suis.