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Combining accelerometry and HR for assessing preschoolers' physical activity.

Freia De Bock1, Jochen Menze, Simone Becker

  • 1Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, University Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. freia.debock@medma.uni-heidelberg.de

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|April 21, 2010
PubMed
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Accurate physical activity (PA) measurement in preschoolers is crucial. Combined heart rate (HR) and accelerometry (ACC) effectively classify moderate-to-vigorous PA but are less accurate for sedentary behavior.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric physical activity assessment
  • Biometric monitoring in children
  • Childhood obesity research

Background:

  • Rising childhood obesity necessitates accurate physical activity (PA) measurement for early intervention.
  • Existing PA measurement methods using accelerometry (ACC) and heart rate (HR) are validated in older children but not preschoolers.
  • Preschooler PA classification accuracy using combined ACC and HR is currently unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of combined accelerometry (ACC) and heart rate (HR) monitoring for accurately classifying physical activity (PA) intensity in preschoolers.
  • To determine gender-specific cutoffs for ACC and HR to classify moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in young children.
  • To compare the classification accuracy of combined ACC/HR data versus ACC alone for different PA intensities.

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Main Methods:

  • Thirty-three preschoolers underwent direct observation using the Children's Activity Rating Scale (CARS) and simultaneous Actiheart monitoring (ACC and HR).
  • Data were divided into derivation and validation sets to establish and test gender-specific ACC and HR cutoffs for classifying MVPA (CARS 4-5) and SB (CARS 1-2).
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to determine optimal cutoffs and assess classification accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Combined HR and ACC cutoffs achieved high accuracy in classifying moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA): 91% for girls and 87% for boys.
  • Classification accuracy for sedentary behavior (SB) was lower when using combined HR and ACC cutoffs.
  • ACC cutoffs alone yielded higher classification rates for SB (69% girls, 67% boys) compared to combined cutoffs.

Conclusions:

  • Devices combining heart rate (HR) and accelerometry (ACC) accurately classify moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in preschoolers.
  • The accuracy of combined HR and ACC for classifying sedentary behavior (SB) in this age group is limited.
  • Matching PA evaluation methods to intervention objectives is essential for effective childhood obesity prevention and management strategies.