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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic symptoms in all...

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Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

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Stereotypic progressions in psychotic behavior.

Richard M Kostrzewa¹, John P Kostrzewa, Rose Anna Kostrzewa

¹Department of Pharmacology, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, PO Box 70577, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA. kostrzew@etsu.edu

Neurotoxicity Research

|April 23, 2010

Summary

Dopamine receptor supersensitivity (DARSS) can be induced by repeated agonist treatments. Other neurotransmitter systems, like noradrenergic and serotonergic nerves, modulate DARSS, offering potential therapeutic targets for psychiatric disorders.

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Published on: September 1, 2011

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Pharmacology

Background:

Dopamine receptor supersensitivity (DARSS) is implicated in psychiatric disorders, potentially causing thought disorders and agitation.
Understanding the mechanisms of DARSS and the influence of other monoaminergic systems is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate methods for inducing DARSS experimentally.
To explore the role of noradrenergic and serotonergic systems in modulating dopamine receptor sensitivity.

Main Methods:

Repeated administration of dopamine (DA) D₁ and D₂ receptor agonists in rats.
Lesions of noradrenergic nerves using DSP-4 and serotonergic (5-HT) nerves using 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine.
Lesions of DA innervation using 6-hydroxydopamine.

Main Results:

Repeated D₂ agonist treatment induced D₂ receptor supersensitivity (DARSS) in intact rats.
Noradrenergic nerves facilitate D₂ DARSS, while serotonergic nerves can restore it when noradrenergic nerves are lesioned.
In DA-denervated rats, both D₁ and D₂ agonists induced D₁ receptor supersensitivity; 5-HT nerves appear permissive for D₁ DARSS.

Conclusions:

DARSS can be produced by repeated agonist treatments under specific conditions.
Modulation of DARSS by noradrenergic and serotonergic systems suggests potential therapeutic targets.
Targeting these neuronal pathways could offer novel approaches for treating psychiatric disorders.