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Measuring the suicidal mind: implicit cognition predicts suicidal behavior.

Matthew K Nock1, Jennifer M Park, Christine T Finn

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, USA. nock@wjh.harvard.edu

Psychological Science
|April 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People who have attempted suicide show stronger implicit associations between self and death. This implicit cognition marker predicts future suicide attempts more accurately than traditional risk factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Suicide prediction and prevention are challenging due to individuals' reluctance or inability to report suicidal intentions.
  • Implicit cognition measurement offers a novel approach to identify behavioral markers for suicide risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether automatic associations between self and death can serve as a behavioral marker for suicide risk.
  • To assess the predictive validity of implicit death/suicide associations for future suicide attempts.

Main Methods:

  • Implicit associations between death/suicide and self were measured in 157 psychiatric emergency department patients.
  • Participants included individuals with and without a history of suicide attempts.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with a history of suicide attempts exhibited significantly stronger implicit associations between self and death/suicide compared to controls.
  • Implicit self-death associations predicted a six-fold increase in the odds of a suicide attempt within six months.
  • This implicit measure demonstrated superior predictive validity over established risk factors and clinical/patient predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit cognition measures provide the first empirical behavioral marker for suicidal behavior.
  • Implicit association tests may enhance the detection and prediction of sensitive, underreported clinical behaviors like suicidal ideation.