Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management01:27

Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management

A comprehensive nursing assessment is essential for patients with valvular heart disease, which involves any dysfunction of the heart valves that could impact blood flow and overall heart function.Subjective Data Collection:Chief Complaint and Present Illness: Start with the patient's primary concerns, focusing on the onset, duration, and progression of cardiac symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain, and palpitations.Past Medical History: Collect detailed information on any previous...
Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ApoCIII-Lp(a) complexes in conjunction with Lp(a)-OxPL predict rapid progression of aortic stenosis.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)·2020
Same author

ApoB/ApoA-I Ratio is Associated With Faster Hemodynamic Progression of Aortic Stenosis: Results From the PROGRESSA (Metabolic Determinants of the Progression of Aortic Stenosis) Study.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2018
Same author

Forward Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: A Simple Risk Marker in Patients With Primary Mitral Regurgitation.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2017
Same author

B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin for Risk Stratification in Low-Flow, Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis: A Substudy of the TOPAS Study.

JACC. Cardiovascular imaging·2017
Same author

A Big Step Forward in the Validation of the Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Procedure for the Treatment of Failed Surgical Bioprostheses.

JACC. Cardiovascular interventions·2017
Same author

Carotid versus coronary atherosclerosis burdens in acute compared with chronic symptomatic coronary artery disease.

Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

Low-flow, low-gradient, normal ejection fraction aortic stenosis.

Philippe Pibarot1, Jean G Dumesnil

  • 1Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Canada. philippe.pibarot@med.ulaval.ca

Current Cardiology Reports
|April 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe aortic stenosis with low flow and low gradient is often misdiagnosed, despite normal ejection fraction. Recognizing this condition is crucial for timely surgical intervention in symptomatic patients.

More Related Videos

A Minimally Invasive Model of Aortic Stenosis in Swine
06:51

A Minimally Invasive Model of Aortic Stenosis in Swine

Published on: October 20, 2023

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
04:48

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery

Published on: November 28, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

A Minimally Invasive Model of Aortic Stenosis in Swine
06:51

A Minimally Invasive Model of Aortic Stenosis in Swine

Published on: October 20, 2023

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
04:48

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery

Published on: November 28, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Severe aortic stenosis (AS) typically presents with high transvalvular flow and gradient.
  • A subset of patients with severe AS exhibits low flow and low gradient, confounding diagnosis.

Observation:

  • Patients with low flow/low gradient severe AS often have preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction.
  • These patients demonstrate LV concentric remodeling, small LV cavity, impaired filling, and altered myocardial function.
  • This clinical entity is frequently misdiagnosed, leading to delayed or missed surgical treatment.

Findings:

  • A significant proportion of patients with severe AS paradoxically show low transvalvular flow and gradient.
  • Discordance between severe aortic valve area and moderate gradient in preserved ejection fraction necessitates further evaluation.
  • Comprehensive Doppler echocardiography is vital for accurate severity assessment.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of low flow/low gradient severe AS is critical to avoid underestimating disease severity.
  • Timely surgical intervention can be ensured for symptomatic patients with this condition.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies can prevent inappropriate delays in surgical management for severe aortic stenosis.