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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

654
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
654
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

563
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
563
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

403
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
403
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

385
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
385
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

300
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
300
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

710
IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

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Forward Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: A Simple Risk Marker in Patients With Primary Mitral Regurgitation.

Marlène Dupuis1, Haïfa Mahjoub1, Marie-Annick Clavel1

  • 1Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Québec Heart & Lung Institute Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|October 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Forward left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) better predicts outcomes in primary mitral regurgitation patients than total LVEF. This simple measure aids in timing surgery for better patient risk stratification.

Keywords:
ejection fractionlongitudinal strainmitral valve regurgitationrisk stratification

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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
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High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • The optimal timing for mitral valve surgery in asymptomatic patients with primary mitral regurgitation (MR) remains debated.
  • Forward left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is proposed as a superior predictor of outcomes compared to total LVEF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between echocardiographic parameters of MR severity and LV function with patient outcomes.
  • To determine if forward LVEF is a better predictor of adverse events than total LVEF in primary MR.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical and Doppler-echocardiographic data from 278 patients with primary MR.
  • Primary endpoint: composite of mitral valve surgery or death.
  • Follow-up duration: mean of 5.4 years.

Main Results:

  • Forward LVEF and LV end-systolic diameter were associated with adverse events (P<0.0001 and P=0.0003, respectively).
  • Total LVEF and global longitudinal strain were not associated with outcomes.
  • Forward LVEF remained an independent predictor of events after multivariable adjustment (aHR: 1.09, P=0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Forward LVEF appears superior to total LVEF and LV end-systolic diameter for predicting outcomes in primary MR.
  • This easily measurable parameter can enhance risk stratification and guide intervention timing for MR patients.