Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacovigilance01:19

Pharmacovigilance

Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
Pharmacodynamics: Overview and Principles01:21

Pharmacodynamics: Overview and Principles

Pharmacodynamics is a scientific field that delves into drugs' intricate biochemical, cellular, and physiological effects on the human body. The study of pharmacodynamics helps us understand how drugs interact with the body and elicit various responses.
Most drugs' effects result from their interactions with drug receptors or targets within the body. These interactions trigger specific responses at the cellular or systemic level. Drug receptors can be found on the surfaces of cells or within...
Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions01:15

Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions

PK–PD modeling has significantly influenced FDA regulatory decisions, particularly drug approval, dosage optimization, and labeling. These models integrate pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to predict drug behavior and effects, aiding in optimizing dosing regimens and enhancing the probability of clinical trial success.One notable example is Nesiritide (Natrecor®), a recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide for treating acute decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF).
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:27

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

Changes in polymorphic forms can significantly influence the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Although the FDA defines pharmaceutical equivalence based on having the same active ingredient, dosage form, and route of administration, it does not automatically disqualify products with different polymorphic forms. This means two products with different polymorphs can still be deemed pharmaceutically equivalent. However, polymorphic differences can affect properties like wettability,...
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Dose to Pharmacological Effect01:28

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Dose to Pharmacological Effect

A drug’s dosage and pharmacokinetic properties determine how quickly it acts, how intense its effects are, and how long it lasts. Higher doses increase drug concentration at receptor sites, producing a hyperbolic curve when pharmacologic response is plotted against drug dose. Converting this scale to a log-linear format results in a sigmoidal curve, better representing dose–response relationships.For drugs following a one-compartment model, the pharmacologic response is directly proportional to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Targeting TRPC channels for control of arthritis-induced bone erosion.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Molecular Regulation of Bone Turnover in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Animal Models, Cellular Features and TNFα.

Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)·2024
Same author

Preclinical evaluation of ELP-004 in mice.

Pharmacology research & perspectives·2024
Same author

Complexity of Translating Analytics to Recent Cannabis Use and Impairment.

Journal of AOAC International·2024
Same author

Examining impairment and kinetic patterns associated with recent use of hemp-derived Δ<sup>8</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol: case studies.

Journal of cannabis research·2022
Same author

Indeterminacy of cannabis impairment and ∆<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆<sup>9</sup>-THC) levels in blood and breath.

Scientific reports·2022
Same journal

The use of natural language processing in predictive toxicology.

Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology·2026
Same journal

An update on beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative pathogens.

Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology·2026
Same journal

Optimizing tamoxifen therapy in breast cancer: a narrative review of dose escalation in patients with CYP2D6 polymorphisms.

Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology·2026
Same journal

Effect of concomitant rifampin and clarithromycin on elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach.

Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology·2026
Same journal

Gastrointestinal bleeding risk among antithrombotics users: a propensity score matched study of drug classes.

Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology·2026
Same journal

Complex <i>in vitro</i> model developers' perspective on advanced hepatic <i>in vitro</i> culture methods for predictive drug safety.

Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

Pharmacologic evaluation of ospemifene.

Jamie L McCall1, Michael W DeGregorio

  • 1Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.

Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology
|May 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ospemifene offers a non-hormonal treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) in menopausal women. Clinical trials confirm its effectiveness and safety in improving VVA symptoms and vaginal health.

More Related Videos

Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Xiaoyao Pills in The Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice
07:20

Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Xiaoyao Pills in The Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Xiaoyao Pills in The Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice
07:20

Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Xiaoyao Pills in The Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) significantly impacts menopausal women's quality of life.
  • Ospemifene is a novel non-hormonal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) for VVA treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacologic properties, clinical efficacy, and safety of ospemifene.
  • To highlight ospemifene's role in managing VVA symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical and clinical data on ospemifene.
  • Analysis of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties.

Main Results:

  • Ospemifene demonstrates an estrogen-like effect on vaginal epithelium.
  • Clinical trials show daily ospemifene is well-tolerated and effective.

Conclusions:

  • Ospemifene is a suitable non-hormonal option for moderate to severe VVA in postmenopausal women.
  • It normalizes vaginal maturation index and pH, alleviating symptoms like dyspareunia.